Referencing

Example of in text citations:

If the author's surname is part of the sentence you only put the date in brackets: (Date of publication)

In a study by Smith (1997) coping with illness was investigated... or According to Smith (1997) coping with illness...
 

If the author's surname is not part of the sentence you put the author's surname and date in brackets: (Name, Date or publication)

The skills and expertise required to reflect effectively are often misunderstood and are poorly developed (Johns, 2002).

When you have more than two authors of one article or book, use et al. (et al. is in italics with a full stop after al)

Traynor, Boland, Buus (2010) identify the implications for practice... [Use as first citation in text.]

Traynor et al. (2010) identify the implications for practice... [Use as subsequent citation thereafter.]

Implications for practice have been previously identified (Traynor et al., 2010). [comma separating et al. from the year]

References (at the end of paper)

References should be listed in alphabetical order by author's name and then by date (earliest first), and then if more than one item has been published during a specific year by letter (1995a, 1995b etc).

Details should be taken from the title page of a publication and not from the front cover.

Each reference should include the elements and punctuation given in the examples below.

Authors' forenames can be included if given on the title page but they are not required to be. The title of the publication should either be in italics or underlined.