Vancouver is a numbered referencing style that is commonly used in Medicine and Health Sciences.
Citations in the paragraphs of your project / paper are numbered sequentially, each citation with one unique number throughout.
References are listed numerically at the end of your work.
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Example of in text citations: Exposure to secondhand smoke is an important cause of premature mortality and morbidity, 1 2 3 and children are more vulnerable than adults to the effects on health. 3 4 They may have little control over their environment and exposure to secondhand smoke. References (at end of paper) 1. Hole D. Passive smoking and associated causes of death in adults in Scotland. Edinburgh: NHS Health Scotland, 2004 2. Jamrozik K. Estimate of deaths attributable to passive smoking among UK adults: database analysis. BMJ 2005; 330:812-5 3. Patient UK. Passive smoking by children and other people. EMIS & PIP [updated 2005; cited 21 Feb 2008] Available from http://www.patient.co.uk/ 4. Ashley MJ, Ferrence R. Reducing children’s exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in homes: issues and strategies. Tob Control 1998;7:61-5 |
The Vancouver Referencing Guide is modelled on Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors and Publishers (2nd edition).
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Reference elements |
Author / Title / Edition / Place of publication / Publishers / Year |
|---|---|
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Reference |
Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021. |
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Reference elements |
Author / Book title / Edition / Place of publication / Publisher / Year of Publication / Available from: www... |
|---|---|
| Reference | Foley KM, Gelband H. Improving palliative care for cancer. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 2001. Available from: www.nap.edu/books/0309074029/html/ |
| Reference elements | Author / Article title / Journal Name / Year / Volume / Part / Page Numbers |
| Reference | Berry TD, Fournier AK. Examining university students' sneezing and coughing etiquette. American Journal of Infection Control. 2014;42(12):1317-8. |
| Reference elements | Author or organisation/ [webpage] Title / Place of publication & publisher / [Updated Date and Cited Date] / Available from... |
| Reference | BodyWhys. Help and support for families, friends and other carers Dublin: BodyWhys; [updated 2008; cited 19 July 2016]. Available from: http://www.bodywhys.ie/. |
| Reference elements | Provider. Place: Creator/Rights holder; [access date/download date]. Title of App / Available from URL |
| Reference | Google Play. Brussels. BrandNewHealth; [19 July 2016]. Exsmokers iCoach. Available from: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.brandnewhealth.icoach |
| Reference elements | Author or Organisation / Title / [Format] / [Date cited] Available from URL |
| Reference | Southern California Orthopedic Institute. Anatomy of the ankle [image on the Internet] [Cited 19 July 2016]. Available from: http://www.scoi.com/specialties/anatomy-ankle. |
| Reference elements | Lecturer's Surname, First Initial. Title of slideshow/lecture (in italics). Name of module/degree (if appropriate). Name of institution or location. Year of publication [Cited Year Month Day]. Available from: https://vle.rcsi.ie... |
| Reference | Hill, A. Breast Cancer Research & Treatment, Constantly improving the odds. [Lecture] Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. 2016, November 10. Available from: http://rcsi.ie/myhealthlectures. |
| Reference elements | Name of organisation or agency. Title. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of Publication. |
| Reference | Irish Department of Health & Children. A vision for change: report of the expert group on mental health policy. Dublin: Stationary Office, 2006. |